Category Archives: Technology

Working Principle, Function, and Structure of SELCOM Elevator Door Lock

The elevator door lock is the locking device for car door and landing door (usually refers to landing door). Normally, the landing door does not be opened without unlock device, which it is protecting the passenger safe. So the door lock is the important safety device for elevator.

Today, ElevatorVip.com will take the SELCOM Elevator Door Lock as an example to introduce in following:

Working Principle, Function, and Structure of SELCOM Elevator Door Lock www.elevatorvip.comWorking Principle, Function, and Structure of SELCOM Elevator Door Lock www.elevatorvip.com

Working Principle, Function, and Structure of SELCOM Elevator Door Lock www.elevatorvip.com

Structure of SELCOM Elevator Door Lock

The elevator door lock is mainly composed of look hook, lock ring, force unit, roller, door wheel for unlocking, electrical safety contact, and triangular door lock.

  • Lock Hook and Lock Ring consists of locking results, which ensures the landing door does not be opened, the meshing depth up to 7mm, and the endurance over 1000N.
  • Force Unit is used to reset door lock automatically after landing door opening, which is the resetting device, even if it fails, gravity will not unlock the door.
  • Roller and Door Wheel of Unlocking are used for unlocking door, when elevator arriving, the door motor transfers power through a series of mechanisms, and eventually the door vane drives the roller and door wheel to open the landing door.
  • Electrical Safety Contact is used to detect hook and lock ring is meshed together up to 7mm, or not. Once the electrical safety contact is opened, the elevator shall not be run.
  • Triangular Door Lock is located in landing door, which is used under abnormal conditions, non-professionals are not allowed using.

How to check and repair ABA26800XU1/XU2 Motherboard of OTIS OVF30 Frequency Inverter?

OTIS OVF30 Frequency Inverter is the earlier model used in OTIS 300VF control system. Due to it is over 10 years since from used begin, so there is relatively high damage in using ABA26800XU1 / ABA26800XU2. Now, ElevatorVip company has repaired so many ABA26800XU1 and ABA26800XU2, and then we hope show the experience of easy to damage and not easy to find failure to share with you.

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Failure No.1: Power on normally, and the words ‘X04A’ displays on the frequency converter motherboard, the UDX indicator light keeps turning on and off continuously, at the same time, UDX relay keeps absorption status continuously, and also BRK indicator light is off.

 

Solution No.1: The failure is usually caused by a problem with IGBT drive signal circuit of the driver board not be captured, which is caused by the increase of resistance value of R118-R124=499Ω. Replacing the broken resistance can solve the problem.

 

Failure No.2: Power on normally, and the words ‘X04A’ displays on the frequency converter motherboard, the UDX indicator light keeps turning on and off continuously, at the same time, UDX relay keeps absorption status continuously, and also BRK indicator light is on shortly and then goes off.

 

Solution No.2: This fault is generally caused by the increase of the resistance value of current sampling resistance in the current detection loop. The resistance value of R146, R149, R152 and so on becomes larger, so replace all the bad resistances then will it goes well.

 

Failure No.3: Power on normally, the words ‘!04A’ displays on the frequency converter motherboard.

 

Solution No.3: The fault should be verified with Elevator Service Tool (Elevator Testing Tool), the fault code ‘M4-2-1’, which means ‘UDX not picked NC’, the UDX NC is poor contact or bad action, finally detect the resistance in R78, R75, R77 and R83, to confirm it is normal or not, if it is damaged, just replace it then will be fine; the another situation is ‘UDX not picked NO’, which means R78 resistance is damaged.

 

Warm Reminder: During check and repair ABA26800XU1/XU2 Motherboard of OTIS OVF30 Frequency Inverter should be used Elevator Service Tool (Elevator Testing Tool), which will find the failures quickly.

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The main changes &cases of the new check regulations for the “anti-clamp device”

This article refers to escalators for new terms and contents.

Apron plate clamp shall be installed on the apron of escalator.

1) Consisting of rigid and flexible parts (e.g. brush and rubber profile);

2) The protrusion quantity from the vertical surface of apron should be 33mm and 50mm;

3) Rigid components should be 18 mm to 25 mm horizontal part, flexible components should be the minimum horizontal protrusion 15 mm, the maximum 30 mm;

4) In the inclined section, the vertical distance between the lowest edge of the rigid part of the apron anti-clamping device and the volume leading edge should be between 25 mm and 30 mm;

5) In the transition section and horizontal section, the distance between the lowest edge of the rigid part of the apron anti-clamping device and the highest position of the volume surface should be between 25 mm and 55 mm;

6) The lower surface of the rigid parts should form an inclination angle not less than 25 degrees upward with the apron plate, and the upper surface should form a inclination angle not less than 25 degrees downward with the apron plate;

7) The end part of the apron plate clamping device should be gradually reduced and smoothly connected to the apron plate. The end point of the apron board anti-clamping device shall be located at the front of the intersection line between the tree pool and the tread (on the side of the step) not less than 50 mm, and the position of the maximum 150 mm shall be equipped with the apron board anti-clamping device.

 

The project is not only for new escalators, but also for the existing escalators.

Anti-clamp device size sketch map

Anti-clamp device size sketch map

Anti-clamp device case 1

Anti-clamp device case 1

Anti-clamp device case 2

Anti-clamp device case 2

Vibration factor analysis of gearless elevator main machine

  1. Influence of main machine’s basic vibration frequency

The vibration rate is F=N/60, of which N is the rated speed of the main machine.

For elevators with gears, the vibration frequency is greater than 20-30HZ, the impact is obvious, mainly for the feeling of shaking feet; but for elevators without gears, the frequency is mostly between 2-5HZ, if the car vibration is relatively large (such as single-frequency corresponding amplitude of more than 4MG), there will be a feeling of car, that is, low-frequency. The chatter (guide rail Boot Shoe friction excitation) also causes a similar phenomenon.

According to experience, for a gearless elevator with acceptable elevator performance, if the corresponding amplitude of the upper base is mostly within 2.5 MG, the human body may feel jitter, but it is acceptable; if the corresponding amplitude of the fundamental frequency is within 1.0 MG, there is basically no sense of vibration.

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  1. The influence of (magnetic steel) polar logarithm

At this time, the vibration frequency of the car is shown as the rated frequency of the motor: N/60*P is the extreme logarithm.

Case: Six OH5000 MRL, 630KG, 1.0M/S, the main vibration frequency of the sedan is 19HZ. The amplitude of the frequency corresponding to the serious section is about 12MG, the vibration A95 value of the sedan is about 35MG. The foot shaking feeling is serious when the human body rides.

The main machine has a rotating speed of 95R/MIN and a pole number of 12, so that the rated frequency of the motor is 95/60*12=19HZ, which is consistent with the vibration frequency in the car.

For this kind of vibration problem, it is suggested to conduct in-depth analysis of electromagnetic field factors to find the root.

  1. Factors related to rolling bearings

At this time, the vibration frequency of the car is shown as N/60 * ball number (or even one of them), which can also be said to be reflected in a certain frequency doubling of the basic vibration frequency of the main machine; in addition, frequency doubling phenomenon is generally common under impact conditions. And the impact of the ball and the inner and outer rings of the bearing is basically in line with this condition, that is to say, the frequency doubling phenomenon caused by the impact may also occur in the working condition of the rolling bearing.

Elevator vibration in a business center (OH5000, 1000KG, 2.5M/S) is mainly reflected in the fundamental frequency 4HZ (motor speed 239R/MIN, corresponding rotation frequency 4HZ) and its order frequency doubling. This phenomenon, on the one hand, may be caused by the main machine excitation frequency-car/spring suspension system frequency close to the resonance, on the other hand, may also be related to the working conditions of rolling bearings.

  1. Effect of static balance or dynamic balance on main machine

At present, the second main machine of 007 has done dynamic balance test, it is said that there are improvements: whether the dynamic balance has a great impact on the vibration in the car can be judged according to the elevator performance after the main machine is installed.

  1. Influence of main air gap

The air gap should be uniform during the idling of the main machine, and some changes may occur after the load is suspended. For example, the noise problem of the improved OH5000MRL in early 2006 (highlighting the peak frequency, 818HZ), mainly with the mainframe

The air gap is related. The impact of this change on the vibration and noise of elevator is analyzed.

  1. The theoretical model of air gap can be established to analyze the effect of air gap on the magnetic field (magnetic field strength, magnetic force, etc.). The influence of air gap on the mechanical structure of tractor (shaft) can be transmitted to the car through the tractor-wire rope.
  2. If possible, the change of air gap during loading can be tested. The test results can be analyzed by structural theory and actual elevator vibration.
  3. Measures to reduce vibration of main machine
  4. Establish the factory standard of tractor by controlling the vibration amplitude (twist vibration, vertical vibration, etc.). To control from the source. The specific criteria specified in the standard should be determined on the basis of a large number of empirical data.
  5. By improving the whole ladder isolation system, enhancing the resistance of the elevator system to the main machine.

Advantages of gearless traction machine of elevator

The emergence of gearless traction machine caters to the development needs of elevators, to meet the needs of environmental protection, but also to meet the interests of manufacturers. It was born not only for the needs of elevators in inorganic rooms, but also for energy saving and noise reduction. Survival of the fittest, we can see its infinite prospects (no rotating mechanism, low wear and tear, simple assembly, low noise, low energy consumption, fuel economy, smooth operation and easy maintenance, etc.)

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The advantages of gearless traction machine are:

  1. Wear is low. The greatest advantage of the gearless tractor is that it has no rotating structure, and there is no place for mechanical wear except a set of bearings on the rotor shaft of the motor (which is also the traction shaft). Without abrasion, the service life of tractors is naturally prolonged.
  2. Energy saving. Because there is no transmission mechanism, there is no mechanical power loss, relatively speak. It also saves energy and operating expenses. The load is 1000KG. For example, the OTIS geared tractor (traction ratio is 1:1) needs 11KW and the gearless tractor (traction ratio is 2:1) only needs 6.7KW.
  3. Installation is simple. Because the tractor is directly fixed on the shaft of the motor, the structure is compact, light, easy to hoist and transport, so it is much easier to install in the field. For example, the load 1000KG, the speed of 1.0M/S variable frequency speed elevator: OTIS tooth tractor 17CT, self-weight 1300K, gear-less tractor WEB-1.0-1000, self-weight 300KG.
  4. Smooth operation. Because there is no transmission structure, there is no belt transmission of lost rotation, skid. The elevator has high accuracy and reliable operation, and there is no noise and vibration of gear operation. Thus, the elevator runs smoothly and the noise is low. This is also a prominent feature of the elevator green revolution.
  5. Safe oil. The gearless tractor has no transmission structure, so it saves the lubricating oil in the traditional reducer. It only has enough lubricating grease in the bearing. Daily maintenance does not have to replace the cumbersome lubricating oil, but also to avoid the pollution and maintenance difficulties caused by the leakage of lubricating oil, and save the cost of lubricating oil.
  6. Easy to use. Because the gearless tractor has no liquid lubricant, no leakage, not only no pollution, but also can be installed in any posture, such as foot hanging upward on the roof of the well.

Benefits of control systems for gearless traction machines:

The gearless traction machine has designed the “power short circuit” link, using the “permanent magnet synchronous motor”. Short connection of three-phase windings can be used as generator operation “this outstanding advantage, effectively avoid the elevator out of control. This link embodies the following advantages:

(1) When the elevator runs out of control (e.g. when the elevator stops running, and the brake failures can not be stopped) slipping occurs, because of winding short-circuit, power generation braking, in a very small speed will produce a great function, so that the speed of the elevator slipping becomes slow, will not cause the elevator damage passenger casualties tragedy.

(2) The gearless traction machine installed in the shaft and when a fault stop is needed to evacuate passengers outside the flat layer area, it can be operated conveniently outside the shaft by connecting the steel cable of the opening wrench; it is safe to open the gate and slide slowly into the flat layer position.

(3) When the elevator is heavily overloaded (for example, over the rated load of 150%) causing the elevator to sink, its sinking speed is very slow, will not cause passengers extreme panic and improve the safety and reliability of the elevator.

These are the advantages of gearless traction machine as above listed and we do believe that it will be better serve the public in the future.

How to refit escalator chain breaking protection system into auxiliary brake system?

The additional brake is an important safety device of escalator, when the drive chain of the escalator falls off or breaks accidentally, the additional brake can carry out emergency braking, it can make the escalator slow down and stop effectively, prevent sudden stop and reverse and protect the passenger’s personal safety.

 

Whether additional brakes are required for escalators? The regulations TSG T7005 — 2012 “elevator supervision and periodic inspection rules — escalator and automatic sidewalk” require additional brakes to be installed when the working brake and step drive device of escalator are not connected by shaft, gear, multi-row chain or multi-row chain.

 

Recently, inspectors found that the escalator of a brand of regular inspection, the use of the longer period, the production date was on 1996. According to the inspection rules, when the working brake of escalator is not connected with a multi-row chain or a single-row chain, additional brake must be installed. Therefore, the escalator does not meet the requirements, so it shall be rectified.

Retrofit scheme:

First, the requirements for additional brakes: The additional brake shall be connected with the step chain by a shaft, gear or multi-row chain and shall be mechanical and brake by friction principle. Thus, it should be able to directly stop the drive wheel, and the way to stop should be direct, not through the indirect way to achieve, such as belt

Secondly, under the action of braking force, additional brakes are required to effectively slow down and stop an escalator running downward with brake loads. This means that additional brakes can reliably stop the escalator’s drive wheel, rather than just applying force to the parts associated with the drive wheel, such as the drive shaft, and should produce enough force to stop it completely.

Finally, the additional brakes should be forced to cut off the control circuit at the start of the action and work in any of the following situations: over speed, before the nominal speed exceeds 1.4 times, and retrograde (when the steps change the specified direction of operation). There is a requirement to disconnect the safety circuit, that is, the added device should have electrical considerations and be able to detect the speed of the escalator. Generally speaking, the speed measurement system of the additional brake should be a programmable electronic system related to safety, which should meet the requirement of SIL2 and should be tested and verified.

From what has been discussed above, adding a set of devices to make it conform to the above points can meet the requirements of relevant standards and regulations. For the escalator, the existing truss space of the escalator and the existing drive chain breaking protection system can be utilized to add a set of devices to realize the function of additional brake.

Elevator Entrance Sill Guide (Landing Door Sill and Car Door Sill) Classification and Installation

The sill in the elevator refers to the metal horizontal component of the opening part, such as the entrance and exit to the ground. It can also be defined as the metal pedal with groove that enters and leaves the car of the elevator car or floor door. It is installed at the entrance and exit of the elevator, usually under the door plate, and ACTS as the guide device for door plate movement and the load device for entering and exiting cars and objects.

Classification: elevator floor is divided into car door sill and landing door sill

The function of sill: car door sill and landing door sill both belong to the important parts in the elevator door system. They work together with the floor slide block to ensure that the elevator car door does not shake back and forth, playing a safe role. It also serves as a guide.

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Landing door sill Installation technology

  1. Put down two floors of doors from the upper sample frame to install the standard line. For the height of the building, the guide rail can be used to fix it in the state of natural static, and the lower end is still tied with iron wire to the lower sample frame.
  2. Draw the net door center line and the net door width line on the pedal according to the center of the floor door pedal and the net door width line.
  3. Determine the length of the door pedal according to the net width of the door.
  4. Determine the standard height line of floor sill in consultation with the civil engineering unit, so that the floor sill is higher than 5-10mm after decoration.
  5. Make the mounting bracket of the door pedal, and take the two standard stitching lines of the door sill as the reference re, and fix them on the precise alignment and positive guide rail after correction.

 

Each floor entrance shall be provided with a sill with sufficient strength to withstand the load of entering the car through it. The strength of floor sill is directly related to the load of car. The higher the load of elevator, the higher the strength of floor sill should be. We rarely see the situation of fracture or maintenance due to insufficient strength of the sill. However, due to the lack of specific standard, the deformation of the sill is often unable to judge whether it is qualified or meets the use conditions. The most extreme case is that the passenger ladder is used to transport the goods by the hydraulic forklift when the cargo is transported by the cargo ladder. It is calculated at the rate of 1.1 times of the maximum load, and half of the load at the weakest initial action of the landing door sill at the entrance and exit. Check the deformation of the sill, generally permanent deformation is not more than 2mm, should be considered qualified.

How to select guide rail for your elevator correctly?

Guide rail: a device, such as a groove or ridge made of metal or other material, capable of withstanding, securing, guiding or reducing friction

It should have the following properties:

(1) Guidance accuracy — the accuracy of trajectory guidance. The main factors affecting the guidance accuracy include: geometric accuracy and contact accuracy of the guide, the structure of the guide, the stiffness and thermal deformation of the guide and its supporting parts and the oil film thickness and stiffness between static (dynamic) pressure guides.

(2) Accuracy retention — mainly determined by the wear resistance of the guide rail. The wear resistance is related to the material of the guide, the friction property of the guide pair, the pressure on the guide and its distribution law.

(3) Stiffness — mainly includes the guide’s own stiffness and contact stiffness. It mainly depends on the shape、size、connect mode and bearing condition of guide rail.

(4) Low speed motion stationary — the friction-induced self-excited vibration of guide rail during low speed movement or micro-displacement is easy to occur, that is, crawling. Crawling reduces the positioning accuracy or increases the surface roughness of the work piece

The T Type- shaped guide rail & the hollow guide rail of the guide rail type

T type guide: its main dimensions and tolerances are shown in the table below. The common guide rail listed in the table and T82/B is the industry size, which is different from the old lift t-guide standard J6 5072.1-1996.

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Main dimensions and tolerances of guide rail

 

Model and tolerance b h k
T75—3/B 75 62 10
T78/B 78 56 10
T82/B 82 62 16
T89/B 89 62 16
T90/B 90 75 16
T114/B 114 89 16
T125/B/BE 125 82 16

Hollow guide—it is made of steel plate through cold bending (or rolling) into a hollow t-shaped elevator to reuse the guide rail, which can reduce the weight and cost due to its empty characteristics. It satisfies the function of heavy guidance, but cannot bear the clamping force of safety pliers, so it is only used for the weight guide rail without the weight safety pliers and the elevator speed is not high.

The name of hollow guide is composed of class, group, type, feature, main parameter and deformation code.

□– deformation code: A means underside folding, underside straight edge omitted

△– Main parameter code: expressed as per unit weight of guide rail, kg/m

K– Type code: hollow section steel

T — Class group code: t-shaped elevator for reuse guide rail

 

For example, TK5A represents a 5kg/m t-shaped hollow guide with folded edges

Some knowledge of automatic sidewalk escalator you should know!

Automatic sidewalk escalator (passenger conveyor) refers to a circular running (plate or belt conveyor) aisle, used to transport passengers level or tilt Angle is not more than 12 ° fixed electric equipment. The structure is similar to the escalator, mainly consisting of moving road and handrail.

Automatic sidewalk escalator angle of 0 ~ 12 °, recommend to 15 ° before, but considering the safety requirements is only allowed to use 12 °.

The length of the automatic sidewalk can be up to 500 meters when it is horizontal or slightly sloping. Generally, the conveying speed is 0.5m/s, and the maximum is 0.75m/s.

What is the principle that escalators only start when people taken?

Automatic sidewalk escalator classification:

According to the structure, it can be divided into the automatic sidewalk with steps (similar to the plate conveyor), the automatic sidewalk with tape (similar to the belt conveyor) and the double-line automatic sidewalk. In order to achieve the purpose of common and economic use with escalator parts, steps and the same handrail structure are often used. The handrails should run synchronously with the movable pavement to keep passengers safe. Automatic sidewalk escalators, running speed, road width and transmission capacity are similar to escalator, maximum Angle is generally not more than 12 °.

  1. Sort by handrail decoration

1) All-transparent type: refers to the automatic sidewalk made of all-transparent glass for the armrest panel, which can be further divided into curved glass type and flat glass type according to the shape of glass for the armrest panel.

2) Opaque: refers to the Automatic sidewalk escalator made of opaque metal or other materials. As the armrest bracket is fixed at the upper part of the shield wall, and the armrest belt makes circular movement on the rails of the armrest bracket, the stability of the opaque type is superior to that of the all-transparent type. It is mainly used in subway, station and dock where people are concentrated.

3) Translucent type: refers to the handrail panel that is translucent, such as the handrail panel that USES translucent glass and other materials.

As far as handrail decoration is concerned, the all-transparent glass panel has certain strength, its thickness should not be less than 6mm, plus the all-transparent glass panel has better decorative effect, so the automatic sidewalk made of the all-transparent glass panel is the overwhelming majority.

  1. Automatic sidewalk is classified according to tread structure

1) Pedal type: an automatic sidewalk where passengers stand on a metal or other material with a slotted surface.

2) Adhesive tape: passenger standing tread is automatic sidewalk with rubber covered continuous steel strip.

The tape sidewalk runs in balance, but is more expensive to manufacture and use, and is suitable for long distance walking at higher speeds. The most common is the pedal – type automatic sidewalk.

Points to note when choosing an automatic sidewalk

  1. Select according to the conditions of use

For subway, station, airport and dock where people are usually concentrated, the automatic sidewalk should be public transport, while for shops and buildings, it should be ordinary. However, due to the small number of automatic sidewalks in shopping malls or general buildings in China, it is suggested to use public transportation type of automatic sidewalks for some shopping malls or buildings with relatively large passenger flow.

  1. There should be product identification

The automatic sidewalk shall indicate the manufacturer’s name, product model number and serial number, at least in a conspicuous position at an exit.

  1. Check the safety height above the steps, pedals or tape

Working Principle of OTIS Elevator Load Cell DLC-2K 35104 You Should Know

Elevator Load Cell is an import device in the field of elevator industry, but so many people do not know it. So today let ElevatorVip.com to introduce it, we will use OTIS Elevator Load Cell DLC-2K 35104 as an example in following:

Elevator Load Cell is an import device in the field of elevator industry, but so many people do not know it. So today let ElevatorVip.com to introduce it, we will use OTIS Elevator Load Cell DLC-2K 35104

OTIS Elevator Load Cell DLC-2K 35104

 

What is the elevator load cell?

The load cell (weighing sensor) is a device for weighing, but it is different from the ordinary weighing device. It is a special weighing device that converts the weight signal of an object into an electrical signal, which is shown the weight by electrical signal. The usage of load cell should consider full account of suitability of applied environment, because the poor applied environment will affect its working result.

At present, there are many kinds of load cells on the market, such as photoelectric, hydraulic, capacitive, capacitance, electromagnetic, and so on. Each type has its own characteristics and is used in different ways.

 

Working Principle of Elevator Load Cell

Three components play an important role in the use of load cell: elastomer, resistance strain gauge, detection circuit. When in the weighting, once the object is placed on the sensor, the elastomer will deform under the pressure of the object, the deformation of the elastomer causes the deformation of resistance strain gauge on its surface, and then the deformation of strain gauge leads to the change of resistance value, the increase or decrease in the resistance value is converted into an electrical signal by the detection circuit, which shows the weight of the object, and the whole weighing is done.

 

Application of Elevator Load Cell

In fact, elevator load cells are widely used in the elevator industry field, many objects that are too heavy can be weighed with a load cell. For example, the load cell can be used to measure whether the elevator car’s weight is overloaded or not, thereby to ensure the safe operation of the elevator.

 

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